Polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos)

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder that affects women during their reproductive years. Here are the key points about PCOS:

  • 1.      Symptoms:

    • PCOS signs and symptoms can vary in severity.

    • Common symptoms include:

      • Amenorrhea (missed periods) or irregular periods.

      • Unwanted hair growth (excessive facial hair).

      • Thinning hair on the head.

      • Acne.

      • Mood changes.

      • Sleep problems.

      • Infertility.

      • Depression.

      • Weight gain.

      • Fatigue.

  • 2.      Causes:

    • The exact cause of PCOS is unknown.

    • Factors that might play a role include:

      • Excess androgen: The ovaries produce abnormally high levels of androgen (male hormone), resulting in hirsutism (excessive facial hair) and acne.

      • Heredity: Certain genes might be linked to PCOS.

      • Excess insulin: Insulin resistance can lead to elevated blood sugar levels and increased insulin production.

      • Low-grade inflammation: Women with PCOS have low-grade inflammation that stimulates polycystic ovaries to produce androgens, potentially leading to heart and blood vessel problems.

Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent long-term complications associated with PCOS.